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butterfly
butterfly
(bùt´er-flì´)
noun
1. Any of various insects of the order
Lepidoptera,
characteristically having slender bodies, knobbed
antennae,
and four broad, usually colorful wings.
2. A person interested principally in frivolous
pleasure: a social butterfly.
3. Sports. The butterfly stroke.
4. butterflies. A feeling of unease or mild nausea
caused especially by fearful anticipation.
noun, attributive
Often used to modify another noun: a butterfly
knife; a butterfly hinge.
verb, transitive
butterflied, butterflying, butterflies
To cut and spread open and flat, as shrimp.
[Middle English butterflye, from Old English
butorflêoge
: butor, butere, butter.
Word History: Is a butterfly named for the color
of its excrement or because it was really a thieving witch? The first
suggestion
rests on the fact that an early Dutch name for the butterfly was
boterschijte.
This name is as astonishing a phenomenon as the fact that anyone ever
noticed
the color of butterfly excrement. Apparently, however, when the
butterfly
was not busy leaving colorful traces of itself, it was stealing milk
and
butter. This was not because of its thievish nature but because it was
really a mischievous witch in the form of a winged insect. So the
second
suggestion is that this predilection for butter larceny gave rise to
the
colorful insect's name.
butterfly
butterfly, flying INSECT
that with the MOTH comprises the order Lepidoptera. Butterflies have
coiled, sucking mouthparts; two pairs of wings that function as one;
and antennae with knobs at the tips. Most feed on nectar from flowers
and are active by day. The butterfly larva (
Caterpillar)
is transformed into a pupa (
chrysalis) with a
hardened outer integument within which it changes into the adult.
Adults of most species live only about a month.
psyche ancient Greek
Also meant "soul", and
"breath"
(now "mind", of course).
Note that the human Psyche was lovers with the god Eros (at least until she did the forbidden, gazing on his sleeping form, invisible save by the oil lamp she lit); compare the sexual butterfly images in Nabokov's _Ada_.
There may also be a connection, based on shape, of butterflies with the Minoan labrys, or double axe of the Labyrinth.
Within the armor is the butterfly and within the butterfly is the signal from another star.
The inside front cover of
the March 1944 issue of BioScience displays five pairs of colorful
butterflies. Each member of each pair is virtually a duplicate of its
partner in shape, design, and colors. Yet, each member of each pair is
a different species. Although the pairs are from the same geographical
regions, it is not obvious why this astounding mimicry should occur.
Here, one cannot invoke the explanation that one species gains
an
evolutionary advantage by
mimicking an unpalatable species, as with mimics of the Monarch
Butterfly. That is, there seems to be no evolutionary advantage to
looking alike.
(Miller, Julie Ann; BioScience, inside front cover, March 1994. Miller's editorial remarks are based upon a later article by H.F. Nijhout. Nijhout's article explains how butterfly wing patterns may have evolved.)
Cases of remarkable mimicry also occur among
geographically separated species. For example, the North American
Meadowlarks are dead ringers for the African Yellow-throated Longclaw.
"Convergent evolution" names the phenomenon but doesn't tell how or why
long chains of random mutations can come up with the same designs where
there seems to be no "guidance" by the forces of natural selection.
Perhaps genomes contain "subprograms" for those patterns and structures
often used in biology. Of course,
Sheldrake's idea of "
morphic resonance" also applies here.
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"papillon" - french for butterfly
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the so-called "butterfly effect".
Complexity theory
and
chaos
dynamics
squeezed out this memorable nugget to amuse the world with Nature's
antics. It states that the flapping of a butterfly's wings in one part
of the world can have profound effects on the weather in another.
A
fractal is generated by a
recursive
process. So are landscapes
and trees.
DNA replication, population
flux, heart fibrillation, the stock market -- all
are based on iteration (cyclicity) and
feedback.
So are you. And how about
language?
And, consciousness -- self-consciousness -- is now presumed to be
a recursive process.
The butterfly effect is due to a small change in one cycle getting fed back into the process, amplifying itself each time until it is quite significant.